Western European Journal of Modern Experiments and Scientific Methods
Western European Journal of Modern Experiments and Scientific Methods is devoted to applied aspects of engineering science, covering a wide range of subfields. Its core interest lies in issues concerning the following sub-disciplines: Mechanics, Engineering Physics, Mechanical Engineering, Civil Engineering, Bio-Engineering and Chemical Engineering. High quality applied papers outside these specific sub-disciplines but within engineering will be considered for review. ISSN (E): 2942-1896 ResearchBib IF: 9.898 SJIF 2024: 5.08
THE PRACTICAL SIGNIFICANCE AND FUNCTIONAL ROLE OF FOREIGN LANGUAGE IN TRANSPORT-LOGISTICS EDUCATION
This article analyzes the practical significance and functional role of foreign language in the transport-logistics education system. Within the framework of the research, the role of foreign language in professional communication, terminological precision, and the formation of professional competencies is highlighted. Based on the English for Specific Purposes (ESP) approach, the integrative functions of foreign language in the transportlogistics field are identified, and its effectiveness in the professional education process is theoretically substantiated. The research results demonstrate that organizing foreign language instruction adapted to transport-logistics education increases specialists' competitiveness in the international labor market.
Copyright (c) 2026 Western European Journal of Modern Experiments and Scientific Methods https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
ASSESSMENT OF ENERGY EFFICIENCY OF EXISTING MULTI-APARTMENT RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS USING THERMAL IMAGING AND HEAT BALANCE ANALYSIS (CASE STUDY OF FERGANA CITY)
Improving the energy efficiency of existing residential buildings is one of the key challenges in regions with continental climates. This study assesses the current energy performance of typical multi-apartment buildings in Fergana City, Uzbekistan, using nondestructive thermal diagnostics and heat balance calculations. Thermal imaging surveys, air velocity measurements, and indoor microclimate monitoring were conducted to identify heat loss zones and evaluate the thermal resistance of building envelope elements. Two representative buildings—a four-story large-panel reinforced concrete building and a two-story brick building—were analyzed. The calculated thermal resistance values of external walls, windows, roofs, doors, and basement slabs were compared with regulatory requirements. The results indicate that all major envelope components significantly deviate from normative values, leading to excessive heat losses and high specific heat consumption (83.7 W/m²), which exceeds the standard by 46.8%. The investigated panel building was classified as energy efficiency class G. The findings highlight the urgent need for thermal modernization measures, including insulation upgrades and airtightness improvements, to reduce energy consumption and enhance indoor thermal comfort
TECHNOLOGY AND CONSTRUCTIVE MODIFICATION OF FILTERING LAYER BASED ON HEAT-RESISTANT BASALT FIBER
This paper presents a design-oriented and technology-focused analysis of forming a heat-resistant basalt fiber–based filtering layer for high-temperature, abrasive cement dust–gas flows. Building on global industrial experience and theoretical reasoning (without reporting experimental measurements), the study frames filtration performance as an integrated material–structure–regeneration system. A gradient (multi-layer) filtering architecture is substantiated, typically composed of a prefilter layer, a main basalt-fiber filtering layer, and a support/protection layer. The approach targets stabilization of pressure-drop growth and improved pulse-jet cleanability by controlling dust cake formation. Needle-punched basalt nonwoven structures are justified as a mechanically robust option under repeated pulse-jet loading, while optional hydrophobic and antistatic surface treatments are discussed as measures to reduce moisture-related cementation and electrostatic adhesion, thereby improving cake release. The main outcome is a calculation-based technological platform that links key filtration objectives (efficiency, pressure stability, cleanability, and durability) to controllable structural parameters of basalt-fiber media and provides a solid basis for subsequent laboratory and industrial validation
DEVELOPMENT OF MAGNESIUM-BINDING COMPOUNDS BASED ON NATURAL SAPONINS: PHYSICOCHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION AND STABILITY ANALYSIS
Magnesium plays a crucial role in numerous biochemical and physiological processes, yet its low bioavailability and instability in conventional formulations limit its therapeutic and nutritional applications. Natural saponins, known for their amphiphilic structure and metal-binding potential, represent a promising platform for the development of magnesium-binding compounds. The present study focuses on the synthesis of magnesiumcontaining complexes based on plant-derived saponins and their comprehensive physicochemical characterization. Magnesium–saponin compounds were obtained using controlled complexation methods and analyzed in terms of structural features, binding efficiency, solubility, and stability under varying pH and temperature conditions. Spectroscopic and analytical approaches were employed to elucidate the interaction mechanisms between magnesium ions and saponin functional groups. The results demonstrate that natural saponins effectively stabilize magnesium ions through coordination interactions, leading to improved physicochemical stability compared to conventional magnesium salts. These findings highlight the potential of saponin-based magnesium compounds as advanced biomaterials for pharmaceutical, nutraceutical, and biomedical applications
ADVANCING INSTRUCTIONAL METHODOLOGIES IN HIGHER EDUCATION VIA INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES
The paper explores the benefits of applying information and communication technologies in subject instruction, such as fostering students’ knowledge and competencies, increasing instructional efficiency, personalizing training activities, and strengthening student motivation.
information and communication technologies
METHODOLOGY FOR DEVELOPING TECHNOLOGICAL COMPETENCE OF UNIVERSITY STUDENTS THROUGH MEDIABASED LEARNING TOOLS
The article highlights the opportunities for enhancing the quality of education through media-based learning technologies in the development of technological competence among university students using electronic learning tools. In particular, it examines the essence and content of developing students’ adaptability, mobility, consistency, research activity, innovation orientation, as well as their verbal and creative imagination skills
PRACTICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF THE SYSTEM OF SENSORIMOTOR EXERCISES IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF PROFESSIONAL COMPETENCIES OF FUTURE SPEECH THERAPISTS
This article highlights the practical significance of a system of sensorimotor exercises in developing the professional competencies of future speech therapists. The role of sensorimotor exercises in speech therapy education, their contribution to integrating theoretical knowledge with practical skills, and their impact on professional training are analyzed. The findings confirm the effectiveness of the sensorimotor approach in enhancing the professional competencies of future speech therapists.
THE CURRENT STATE OF PREPARING FUTURE OLIGOPHRENOPEDAGOGUES FOR PROFESSIONAL ACTIVITY IN THE PROCESS OF INDEPENDENT LEARNING
This article examines the current state of preparing future oligophrenopedagogues for professional activity in the process of independent learning. The study analyzes the role of independent learning in developing professional competencies, methodological readiness, and practical skills necessary for working with children with intellectual disabilities. Particular attention is paid to the effectiveness of independent learning tasks in enhancing students’ ability to apply theoretical knowledge in real educational and correctional settings. The article also identifies existing challenges in organizing independent learning, including insufficient methodological support and limited integration with practical training. The findings emphasize the need to improve the structure and content of independent learning to ensure high-quality professional preparation of future oligophrenopedagogues.
THE ROLE OF LANGUAGE IN SHAPING SOCIAL IDENTITY AND CULTURAL AWARENESS
Language is one of the most profound tools humans have for constructing and communicating meaning in their lives. It is not simply a method for exchanging information, but a fundamental instrument in the development of individual and collective identities within society. The role of language goes far beyond its grammatical and structural dimensions; it acts as the bedrock upon which our perceptions, beliefs, and notions about ourselves and others are built. Through language, individuals are able to express their membership to various social groups, share their heritage, establish their values, and foster a sense of belonging that extends to both local and global communities.
INCREASING THE ABILITY TO PROVIDE NEW SERVICES BY IMPROVING THE CASH FLOWS OF COMMERCIAL BANKS IN THE NEW UZBEKISTAN
This article analyzes the issues of expanding banking services by improving cash flow management of commercial banks in the context of New Uzbekistan. The economic essence of cash flows, their sources, and their impact on banking activities are studied. In addition, opportunities for introducing digital and innovative services through effective cash flow management are identified. Based on the research results, practical recommendations for commercial banks are proposed
THE IMPACT OF CLASSROOM SEATING ARRANGEMENTS ON STUDENT LEARNING AND ENGAGEMENT
This article presents a comprehensive analysis of classroom seating arrangements and their significant influence on the learning environment, student engagement, academic achievement, and social interaction. As pedagogical approaches evolve from teacher-centered to learnercentered models, the physical arrangement of the classroom has become a crucial factor shaping instructional strategies. This study reviews traditional row seating, group cluster seating, U-shaped arrangements, and modern flexible seating, discussing their impact on communication, motivation, attention span, and classroom discipline. The findings emphasize the necessity for adaptive seating strategies that align with lesson objectives and student needs.
GENDER AS A LINGUISTIC CATEGORY: THEORETICAL FOUNDATIONS AND RESEARCH TRENDS
This article examines the historical development and theoretical foundations of gender studies within the field of linguistics, highlighting the emergence of a distinct scientific direction commonly referred to as linguistic genderology. The study traces key phases in the evolution of gender research — from early notions of biological determinism to the transitional period and the advent of direct gender studies. It evaluates how gender categories have been conceptualized in language and discusses the influence of seminal scholars such as Jespersen, Moutner, and later sociolinguistic and feminist theorists. The article also analyzes major theoretical approaches, including sociolinguistic gender research, feminist linguistics, psycholinguistic perspectives, masculinity studies, and cross-cultural linguistic investigations. Critiques of early feminist linguistic theories and the integration of gender as a category in contemporary linguistic paradigms are discussed. The study demonstrates that gender has become a central analytical category across diverse linguistic subfields, significantly enriching the understanding of language, society, and identity
STYLISTIC FEATURES OF JOHN STEINBECK'S "OF MICE AND MEN" AND THEIR TRANSFORMATION IN TRANSLATION
This article examines the stylistic characteristics of John Steinbeck's novel "Of Mice and Men" and their transformation during the translation process. The findings demonstrate that successful translation of Steinbeck's work requires balancing fidelity to the source text's stylistic features with adaptation to the linguistic and cultural norms of the target language, particularly regarding dialect representation, idiomatic expressions, and sociolinguistic markers that define character identity and thematic depth
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF DIFFERENT TYPES OF DENTAL PROSTHESES IN MODERN DENTISTRY
The aim of this work is a comprehensive comparative analysis of the main types of dental prostheses used in modern dentistry: removable, fixed, partially removable, and prostheses on dental implants. A review of materials, design features, clinical effectiveness, durability, biocompatibility, and economic accessibility was conducted. Based on the analysis, the advantages and limitations of each group of prostheses are highlighted. The results obtained can be used by orthopedic dentists to optimize the selection of prosthetic designs and improve the quality of treatment.
THE ROLE OF ONCOGENIC TYPES OF THE HUMAN PAPILLOMAVIRUS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF PRECANCEROUS CONDITIONS AND CERVICAL CANCER
Persistent infection with oncogenic, high-risk human papillomavirus is the necessary etiologic driver of virtually all cervical cancers, yet only a small fraction of infections progress to clinically significant precancer or invasive malignancy. This review synthesizes current evidence on how carcinogenic HPV genotypes, especially HPV16 and HPV18 and several additional high-risk types, contribute to the natural history of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and adenocarcinoma in situ, and ultimately to invasive cervical cancer. We discuss genotype-specific differences in carcinogenic potential, viral and host mechanisms that promote persistence and malignant transformation, and the stepwise biological continuum from transient infection to high-grade precancer. The central molecular events include expression of E6 and E7 oncoproteins that disrupt p53 and retinoblastoma tumor suppressor pathways, remodeling of the cellular epigenetic landscape, immune evasion, and, in many cancers, viral DNA integration with sustained oncoprotein expression.
FINANCIAL CAPACITIES OF THE LOCAL BUDGET IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF REGIONS
The article studies the problem of the financial capabilities of the local budget in the development of regions in connection with the declaration by the President of 2026 as the “Year of Neighborhood Development and Society Upliftment”. The structure of the local budget, sources of income entering it (local taxes, fees, transfers, etc.) are considered in detail. The impact of the local budget on socio-economic development, ways to strengthen and increase its effectiveness, and existing shortcomings (for example, the lack of circulation of bills) are also substantiated. The article also presents proposals for the distribution of budget expenditures and increasing local financial independence. The results of the study have practical value in improving local budget policy and strengthening financial support for the sustainable development of regions.
THE PROBLEM OF FINDING AN ADEQUATE EQUIVALENT IN TRANSLATION OF POLYSEMANTIC WORDS IN UZBEK AND FOREIGN LANGUAGES
Interlingual interaction and exchange are becoming increasingly important in today's era of globalization. When learning and translating different languages, it is important to correctly understand and convey the underlying nature of linguistic phenomena. In this regard, one of the most complex problems encountered in the translation process is the correct and adequate transfer of polysemantic, i.e. words with multiple meanings, from one language to another. Each language has its own content system and semantic content, and the words in it cover different areas of meaning. Polysemantic words take on a more complex and multifaceted phenomenon in such a scope.
IMPROVEMENT OF SURGICAL TREATMENT METHODS FOR CHRONIC DESTRUCTIVE PERODONTITIS USING OSTEOPLASTIC MATERIALS
Chronic destructive periodontitis is a common inflammatory condition affecting the tissues around the tooth roots, leading to the progressive loss of bone and the formation of periapical lesions. Traditional surgical treatments aim to eliminate the source of infection, but they often fail to fully regenerate bone. The use of osteogenic materials in combination with advanced surgical techniques can significantly improve treatment outcomes, promote accelerated bone regeneration, and restore the structure of alveolar bone. This article discusses the principles of using osteogenic materials, compares different treatment approaches, and explores opportunities for further improvement in this area
STUDY OF THE CONCEPT IN HISTORICAL, CULTURAL,ETHNOGRAPHIC AND LINGUISTIC ASPECTS
This article provides a brief overview of the history of the study and consideration of such a complex and multi-layered concept as "concept"in philological sciences and beyond: it is proposed to look at this term from the point of view of history, culture and ethnography.
TREATMENT METHODS FOR EARLY CHILDHOOD ANISOMETROPIC MYOPIA AND PREVENTION OF AMBLYOPIA
Anisometropic myopia in early childhood represents a significant clinical concern due to its potential to disrupt normal visual development and cause amblyopia. Anisometropia, which is the presence of a significant difference in refractive error between the two eyes, can compromise the brain’s ability to fuse images from both eyes into a single, clear vision. When this condition develops alongside myopia in one eye during the critical periods of childhood, there is a heightened risk that amblyopia may develop if timely and effective intervention is not administered
MAIN SOURCES OF POLYSEMY IN PHILOSOPHICAL LANGUAGE
Philosophical language is characterized by its conceptual depth, historical layers, and frequent ambiguity. A key linguistic feature in philosophical discourse is polysemy—the presence of multiple related meanings within a single word. This article examines the main sources of polysemy in philosophical language, emphasizing how abstract conceptualization, metaphorical language, historical evolution, and cross-disciplinary borrowing contribute to the semantic richness and complexity of philosophical terms
CULTURE OF TOLERANCE IN THE NATIONAL SPIRITUALITY OF UZBEKISTAN
This article argues that it is a methodological problem to focus on the contradiction between traditional and modern in the analysis of tolerance in national spirituality, because globalization and the development of information technology allow our society to penetrate the achievements of world culture. Tolerance is an indicator of a democratic culture, a principle of human rights and freedoms formed at the stage of industrial development based on the rule of law.
Copyright (c) 2025 Western European Journal of Modern Experiments and Scientific Methods https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
ALTERNATIVE ASSESSMENT IN SECOND LANGUAGE TEACHING
Assessment plays a central role in second language teaching, as it shapes pedagogical decisions, learner motivation, and the overall direction of language development. For decades, traditional assessment methods—such as standardized tests, discrete grammar exercises, and high-stakes final examinations—have dominated language classrooms. However, these approaches provide only a fragmented picture of learners’ language proficiency and often fail to capture communicative competence, strategic abilities, and the capacity to use language in real-life contexts. As a result, educators and researchers have increasingly turned to alternative assessment, which aims to provide a more holistic, learnercentered, and contextually meaningful evaluation of language competence.
THE ROLE OF ENGLISH LANGUAGE TEACHING IN DEVELOPING CRITICAL THINKING SKILLS AMONG UNIVERSITY STUDENTS
This article explores the critical role of English Language Teaching (ELT) in fostering critical thinking skills among university students. As English continues to serve as the global language of academia and professional communication, its pedagogical function has evolved beyond linguistic competence toward cultivating intellectual autonomy, analytical reasoning, and reflective judgment. Drawing from educational psychology and applied linguistics, this paper argues that English language classrooms can serve as effective platforms for critical inquiry when instruction emphasizes problem-solving, interpretation, evaluation, and creativity. The study concludes that integrating critical thinking frameworks within ELT contributes to developing globally minded, independent learners capable of engaging with complex academic and societal issues.
INVESTIGATION OF INCREASING THE LOADBEARING CAPACITY OF REINFORCED CONCRETE COLUMN STRUCTURES OF BUILDINGS BY STRENGTHENING THEM WITH BASALT FIBER MATERIALS
This scientific article presents the results of a novel scientific approach to strengthening reinforced concrete compression members using basalt fiber materials. The paper demonstrates methods for strengthening reinforced concrete column elements with basalt fiber materials. Compared to other fiber-reinforced polymer materials, basalt fiber materials are more cost-effective, have a higher tensile strength limit, and exhibit greater durability.
THE ROLE OF CULTURAL HERITAGE SITES IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE TOURISM INDUSTRY
This article provides a scientific and theoretical analysis of the role of cultural heritage sites in the development of the tourism industry. The importance of cultural heritage in enhancing tourism infrastructure, increasing regional economic potential, and promoting national values is examined. The study explores the effective use of historical monuments and cultural heritage sites in tourism and proposes recommendations for their preservation and integration into the tourism sector
THE ROLE OF ETHNOTURISM AND TOURISM CULTURE IN THE ECONOMIC TRANSFORMATION PROCESSES OF THE CITIES OF THE FERGANA VALLEY
This article analyzes the role of tourism culture in the development of economic transformation processes and its impact on the economy, the importance of rituals and holidays in the system of intangible cultural heritage of Uzbek culture not only on a global scale, but also on the development of ethnotourism and tourist services, the impact of ethnotourism on the development of ethnotourism and the causes of problems encountered in this process, the impact of folk games on ethnotourism culture in the development of ethnotourism and the need to conduct scientific research on the implementation of scientific approaches in practice
THE PROBLEMS OF ECONOMIC TERMINOLOGY AND ITS IMPACT ON TRANSLATION
The modern linguistic studies confirm that keeping pace with modern linguistic norms requires careful usage of terminology in order to be properly employed through which the translation process is promoted and the problem of translating the specialized terminology in general and particularly economic terms are among the problematic encountered in transferring knowledge from foreign languages to Uzbek language. The purpose of this study is to analyze these problems in order to propose solutions for the unification of the term in English, refuting the reasons for the unification of the English terminology, because the terms are the keys to science, so if there are multiple terms equivalent to a single one, this leads to a disturbance in understanding and reflects negatively on the assimilation of knowledge, and contributes to the confusion of the entire translation process.
THE EFFECT OF WATER-SOLUBLE SALTS ON THE MOISTURE REGIME OF SEALING STRUCTURES
This article examines the calculation of the moisture regime in building envelope structures under the influence of water-soluble salts. Existing methods for assessing moisture conditions are analyzed, highlighting their limitations in aggressive environments where salts alter vapor permeability and sorption processes. The study focuses on lightweight expanded clay aggregate concrete panels and evaluates the effectiveness of organosilicon hydrophobizing additives (sodium ethylsiliconate (ESNK) and polyphenyl-ethoxysiloxane (FES)) in enhancing durability and thermophysical properties. Results indicate that these additives improve resistance to salt-induced moisture accumulation and corrosion
INVESTIGATION OF DEFLECTION CALCULATIONS FOR STRUCTURES MADE OF LOCAL TIMBER MATERIALS UNDER LOAD
This study investigates the deflection behavior of structural elements made from locally available timber materials under applied loads. The research focuses on the mechanical properties of timber, including the modulus of elasticity, and their influence on deflection performance. Deflection calculation methods based on current design standards are analyzed for timber beams and frame structures. The study evaluates the structural efficiency and serviceability of constructions made from local timber species. The results contribute to improving the reliability, safety, and durability of timber structures in engineering practice. It consists of designing durable timber structures and evaluating their structural performance under load effects.