Western European Journal of Medicine and Medical Science
Western European Journal of Medicine and Medical Science is focused on specialized clinical research activities related to the health problems of human. Special emphasis is placed on the application of medical science to improve the healthcare of underserved populations. The Journal has the following objectives: (1) to expand the base of original peer-reviewed literature and the quality of that research on the topic of human health; (2) to provide greater dissemination of this research; (3) to offer appropriate and timely recognition of the significant contributions of physicians who serve these populations; and (4) to promote engagement by online publication of this research. ISSN (E): 2942-1918 ResearchBib IF: 9.995 SJIF 2024: 5.207
Despite the widespread adoption of minimally invasive surgical techniques, postoperative complications associated with impaired implant integration and infectious processes remain a major clinical challenge. The interaction between implanted biomaterials and surrounding tissues plays a pivotal role in regulating inflammatory responses, tissue remodeling, and long-term surgical outcomes. Objective. To experimentally substantiate the effectiveness of the combined use of composite biomaterials and synthetic implants under sterile and infected conditions. Methods. An experimental study was conducted using laboratory animal models with implantation of synthetic mesh materials either alone or in combination with a composite hemostatic biomaterial. Both sterile and infected conditions were simulated. Tissue responses were evaluated by macroscopic assessment, histological examination, and semi-quantitative morphometric analysis at multiple time points. Results. Under sterile conditions, the composite-implant combination significantly reduced inflammatory cell infiltration, accelerated fibroblast proliferation, enhanced angiogenesis, and promoted the formation of mature connective tissue compared with implants used alone. In infected models, the combined approach markedly attenuated purulent inflammation, limited bacterial colonization, prevented excessive fibrotic encapsulation, and improved tissue integration.Conclusion. The findings demonstrate that the combined application of composite biomaterials and synthetic implants enhances biocompatibility, reduces infection-related complications, and improves regenerative processes. This strategy represents a promising approach for optimizing outcomes in minimally invasive surgery
Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
PREMATURE OVARIAN FAILURE (POF): GENETIC PREDICTORS AND EARLY PREDICTION OF OVARIAN RESERVE DECLINE
Premature ovarian failure (POF), also referred to as primary ovarian insufficiency (POI), is a complex reproductive disorder characterized by the loss of ovarian function before the age of 40 years. The condition is associated with hypoestrogenism, elevated gonadotropin levels, infertility, and long-term metabolic and cardiovascular consequences. Recent advances in reproductive medicine have highlighted the crucial role of genetic factors in the development of POF, as well as the importance of early identification of declining ovarian reserve. Modern diagnostic strategies combine genetic testing, hormonal assessment, and ultrasonographic evaluation to predict ovarian aging at an early stage. This review analyzes genetic predictors of premature ovarian failure, evaluates methods for early detection of reduced ovarian reserve, and summarizes clinical studies assessing diagnostic accuracy and prognostic value of current testing approaches. Early identification of women at risk allows timely reproductive counseling and fertility preservation strategies, significantly improving clinical outcomes
Vitamin D possesses both vitamin and hormone properties, with its primary function being the regulation of calcium-phosphorus metabolism and the maintenance of bone strength. Recent studies demonstrate its significant role in the immune system, endocrine and cardiovascular processes, as well as in the regulation of glucose metabolism. Vitamin D deficiency is recognized as a global public health issue, mainly caused by limited sun exposure, unbalanced diet, and chronic diseases. Deficiency leads to impaired bone mineralization and increases the risk of autoimmune, cardiovascular, and metabolic disorders. The article presents information on the functions of vitamin D, its sources, risk factors for deficiency, and preventive measures.
ASSESSMENT OF THE PREVALENCE OF IRON DEFICIENCY ANEMIA IN YOUNG PEOPLE: USING THE EXAMPLE OF FSU STUDENTS
Anemia is one of the most significant nutritional deficient conditions affecting various social groups and levels of socio-economic development. With a variety of causes, anemia can be of nutritional origin (iron, folic acid and vitamin B12 deficiency), hereditary (thalassemia, sickle cell anemia), due to environmental factors (lead), infectious (malaria), socio-economic (low maternal education, insufficient family income), related to demographic characteristics (age, gender), malabsorption (achlorhydria), autoimmune processes (hemolytic anemia) or chronic diseases (oncological pathology). Despite the widespread occurrence of iron in nature, its deficiency in humans is extremely common and is the leading cause of anemia worldwide. Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is a global public health problem that is common in all countries and has serious health consequences, especially in pregnant women, infants, young children, and adolescents who are at increased risk for iron deficiency [1]. Iron enters the body in heme (animal) and non-heme (plant) forms; at the same time, heme iron has a higher bioavailability, which makes people who follow a vegetarian diet more vulnerable to the development of iron deficiency
APPLICATION OF MACHINE LEARNING IN THE ANALYSIS OF BIOELECTRICAL SIGNALS (EEG, ENG, EMG)
This article discusses the application of Machine Learning algorithms in the analysis of electroencephalography (EEG), electroneurography (ENG), and electromyography (EMG) signals. Based on EEG signals, Machine Learning algorithms are used for early detection of epileptic seizures, assessment of brain activity after stroke, and identification of changes in brain rhythms in Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s diseases. This enables early diagnosis and timely initiation of treatment. In EMG analysis, Machine Learning is widely applied to detect muscle diseases (myopathies), peripheral nerve injuries, and neuromuscular junction disorders. Machine Learning–based analysis of ENG signals is used to assess peripheral nerve conduction, and for early detection and prevention of diabetic neuropathy, traumatic nerve injuries, and demyelinating diseases.
EFFECTIVENESS OF EVIDENCE-BASED MEDICINE–INTEGRATED TEACHING IN PEDIATRIC EDUCATION: A QUASIEXPERIMENTAL STUDY AMONG 5TH-YEAR MEDICAL STUDENTS AT FERGANA MEDICAL INSTITUTE OF PUBLIC HEALTH
Evidence-based medicine (EBM) is a core competency for modern clinical practice and is increasingly emphasized in undergraduate medical education.¹–³ However, optimal strategies for integrating EBM into clinical teaching—especially in pediatrics—remain context-dependent
MOLECULAR GENETIC MARKERS FOR DIAGNOSING METACHRONOUS ONCOGYNECOLOGICAL TUMORS IN BREAST CANCER PATIENTS
Breast cancer (BC) patients face an increased risk of developing multiple primary malignant tumors, particularly metachronous oncogynecological neoplasms. Early detection and risk stratification of these secondary malignancies are critical for improving patient outcomes.
VR SIMULATORS FOR TRAINING LAPAROSCOPIC SURGERIES
Virtual Reality (VR) simulators have become essential tools in modern surgical education, especially for laparoscopic training. These systems provide realistic, immersive environments where trainees can practice technical skills without risk to patients. VR allows for standardized training, objective performance assessment, and unlimited repetition of surgical procedures. Despite challenges related to cost and varying levels of realism, VR-based training has proven effective in improving surgical accuracy, reducing errors, and enhancing patient safety. This article explores the role, advantages, limitations, and future potential of VR simulators in laparoscopic surgery training.
MECHANISMS OF PROTEIN FOLDING AND MISFOLDING: BIOPHYSICAL INSIGHTS INTO NEURODEGENERATIVE DISEASES
Protein folding the process by which polypeptide chains attain functional three-dimensional structures — is fundamental to all cellular processes. However, errors in this process, termed protein misfolding, are implicated in the pathogenesis of a wide range of neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s disease (PD), Huntington’s disease (HD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and prion diseases. These disorders share a common hallmark: the aberrant accumulation of misfolded proteins that aggregate into toxic oligomers and insoluble fibrils, disrupting neuronal integrity and leading to progressive cognitive and motor decline. Biophysical mechanisms that govern folding and misfolding involve complex energy landscapes, thermodynamic stability, and proteostasis network dysfunctions. Recent studies reveal that misfolded proteins can propagate via seeding and prion-like mechanisms, amplifying pathological aggregates throughout the nervous system. This review examines the molecular basis of protein folding and misfolding, the pathophysiological roles of protein aggregates in neurodegenerative diseases, and current and emerging therapeutic strategies aimed at mitigating misfolding and aggregation
Breast cancer is one of the most prevalent cancers among women worldwide. Early detection through regular screening significantly improves survival rates and reduces mortality. Common screening methods include mammography, clinical breast examination, and breast self-examination. This article reviews current guidelines, effectiveness, and challenges of breast cancer screening programs, emphasizing the importance of timely diagnosis and patient education.
STRUCTURAL AND FUNCTIONAL ADVANCES IN SURGICAL SUTURE MATERIALS
Recent advances in surgical practice have been closely associated with the development of innovative suture materials exhibiting improved mechanical, biological, and functional properties. Beyond their primary role in tissue approximation, surgical sutures actively interact with the wound microenvironment, influencing inflammatory responses, microbial adhesion, and regenerative processes. This review focuses on the structural and functional evolution of surgical suture materials, with particular emphasis on filament architecture, degradation mechanisms of absorbable polymers, surface modifications, and emerging smart technologies. Based on current experimental and clinical literature, the properties and performance of monofilament and multifilament sutures, absorbable and non-absorbable materials, as well as antibacterial, drug-eluting, and nanostructured coatings are critically analyzed. In addition, novel concepts such as stem cell-loaded sutures, electronic and sensor-integrated sutures, and photobiomodulation-assisted modulation of suture–tissue interactions are discussed as promising future directions in surgical biomaterials research. The integration of advanced materials science and biomedical engineering approaches into suture design is expected to enhance wound healing, reduce postoperative complications, and contribute to the development of next-generation multifunctional surgical sutures.
Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF RECONSTRUCTIVE METHODS FOR CONGENITAL DEFECTS AND DEFORMITIES OF THE FACIAL BONES
Fixing problems with the bones in the face that happened because of an injury is really hard to do. The doctor has to make sure the face works properly and also looks okay. There are ways that doctors can fix these problems. They can take bone from one part of the body. Put it in the face. They can also use a technique that helps the bone grow back on its own. Another way is to take tissue from one part of the body and attach it to the face using blood vessels. Doctors can even make implants that are just for the patient. Using bone from the patients body is good because it will not cause any problems and it will last a long time but it only works for small or medium sized problems. If the problem is really bad doctors can use a technique that helps the bone and the soft tissue, around it grow back at the same time. Restoration of acquired bone defects and deformities is what doctors are trying to do when they use these techniques. Free tissue transfer is versatile for large, composite defects, offering reliable functional and aesthetic restoration, while PSIs deliver precise anatomical reconstruction and reduced operative time for complex defects. Comparative analysis indicates that the choice of method should be individualized, considering defect characteristics, patient factors, and available resources. Multimodal strategies often optimize outcomes, and advances in imaging, virtual planning, and biomaterials continue to enhance the precision and predictability of facial reconstruction
“MORPHOLOGICAL AND MORPHOMETRIC ANALYSIS OF CYSTIC FIBROSIS IN CHILDREN IN UZBEKISTAN.”
Cystic fibrosis or cystic fibrosis or Landsteiner-Fanconi disease is a hereditary systemic autosomal recessive exocrinopathy, characterized by early clinical manifestations of the respiratory tract, gastrointestinal system and other organs. Among all the diseases that occur in newborns, cystic fibrosis occurs in 1 in 2 thousand children
ANALYSIS AND RESULTS OF MORPHOLOGICAL CHANGES IN THE LUNGS OF SMOKERS
Smoking, a widespread habit with a serious impact on health, remains a significant public health concern. Despite growing awareness of the risks associated with smoking, many individuals continue to succumb to this addiction. Understanding the facts about smokers and smoking habits can shed light on the challenges faced in addressing this global issue. In 2022, in collaboration with several research institutes of the Ministry of Agriculture, a study was conducted on the problem of nasvay and cigarettes. It is estimated that there are 4.5 million smokers in Uzbekistan. More than half of them, namely 2.4 million people, smoke cigarettes. The rest (2.1 million people) use nasvay. Smoking is a habit that has numerous harmful effects on human health. Smoking can lead to a multitude of short-term and long-term health problems, especially with regular use. Smoking harms the respiratory system, causes chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and increases the risk of respiratory infections
MORPHOLOGICAL CHANGES IN CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE IN ELDERLY WOMEN AND COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a heterogeneous lung condition characterized by chronic respiratory symptoms (dyspnea, cough, sputum production) and exacerbations due to airway (bronchitis, bronchiolitis) and/or alveolar (emphysema) damage, which cause persistent, often progressive airflow limitation. Exacerbations and comorbid conditions are an integral part of the disease and contribute significantly to the clinical picture. To assess the risk of COPD exacerbations, it is necessary to consider the patient's history of exacerbation frequency, including those requiring hospitalization within the last 12 months. If a patient has had even one exacerbation leading to hospitalization in the previous year (i.e., a severe exacerbation), they should be classified as high risk
CLINICAL AND HORMONAL CHARACTERISTICS OF ADRENAL INCIDENTALOMAS
We examined 14 patients (including 5 women and 9 men). The average age of the patients was 30.6±9.3 years. All patients had nodular adrenal hyperplasia detected on MRI. Twelve patients (85.7%) sought medical attention for arterial hypertension (AH), while two patients (14.3%) had no complaints. The patients were diagnosed with stage I obesity, with the average BMI in men Introdactionbeing 32.7±4.54 kg/m2, and in women - 31.1±3.78 kg/m2, with an abdominal distribution of subcutaneous fat. Arterial hypertension is the main symptom of adrenal masses. Arterial hypertension in men with incidentalomas is more malignant compared to women, which is confirmed by the detection of stage III hypertension in 22% of the examined men.
MODERN ASPECTS OF SKIN MELANOMA DIAGNOSIS
Among skin malignancies, melanoma leads in terms of mortality. Over the past decades, a steady increase in the incidence of melanoma has been observed compared to other types of malignant neoplasms. If melanoma is diagnosed at an early stage, then relatively high 5-year survival rates can be achieved, which necessitates its timely diagnosis and treatment. Clinical recognition of melanoma, especially in the early stages, can be problematic even for an experienced dermatologist. However, the diagnosis of primary skin tumors is carried out by primary care physicians of various specialties. Melanoma and other malignant skin tumors can be detected during a physical examination when a patient seeks treatment for another condition. When melanoma is suspected, attention is paid to phenotypic risk factors for melanoma development, anamnesis data, and physical examination findings. It is estimated that the sensitivity of clinical diagnosis during a routine examination by an experienced dermatologist is approximately 70 percent. However, the use of diagnostic tools such as dermatoscopes can significantly improve the accuracy of the clinical diagnosis. In recent years, there has been an active search for new, less invasive methods and algorithms for diagnosing skin melanoma. The main goal of non-invasive diagnostics is to determine the need for histological verification of the tumor. The decision to perform histological verification should be based on a combination of clinical and dermatoscopic examination and other information, including growth dynamics, symptoms, and medical history.
RESPECTFUL MATERNITY CARE – THE BASIS OF QUALITY MATERNAL PROTECTION
This article highlights the concept of respectful maternity care (RMC) and its significance in ensuring quality maternal protection. The importance of safeguarding the dignity, rights, and well-being of women during pregnancy, childbirth, and the postpartum period is analyzed as a priority task of the healthcare system. The article examines the medical, psychological, and social aspects of a respectful approach, emphasizing the ethical responsibility and communication skills of healthcare professionals in supporting maternal health. Implementing respectful maternity care improves the health of mothers and children, enhances the quality of healthcare services, and strengthens social trust within the community.
ASSESSMENT OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF INDIVIDUAL BONE PLATES IN THE SURGICAL TREATMENT OF MANDIBULAR ANGLE FRACTURES
Adequate immobilization of mandibular fragments is a key prerequisite for successful treatment of mandibular fractures. Fractures located in the angle region of the mandible present significant challenges for intraoral fixation due to the complex anatomical geometry, often requiring extensive bending of standard plates, which leads to increased operative time and reduction in plate strength. To address these limitations, an original design of an individualized incisal plate was developed for intraoral osteosynthesis in the mandibular angle region. A virtual stress–strain analysis of the mandible under physiological loading demonstrated the biomechanical advantages of the individualized plates compared with standard configuration plates. The plate consists of two fixing arms of different lengths connected by an intermediate segment, with geometry tailored to each patient’s mandibular anatomy. Plates were manufactured using high-precision milling technology (Roland MDX-540). Clinical application involved intraoral access, stepwise elevation of a mucoperiosteal flap, anatomical repositioning of fragments, and sequential fixation with intraosseous screws. The individualized plate enabled stable fixation with minimal tissue trauma and reduced operative time due to its anatomical congruence. Early postoperative rehabilitation was possible owing to the favorable distribution of functional loads. The use of patient-specific incisal plates represents an effective and minimally invasive method for treating fractures of the mandibular angle.
DEVELOPMENT AND IMPLEMENTATION OF THE PRESENTMED DIGITAL PLATFORM FOR END-TO-END PATIENT ROUTING IN COLOPROCTOLOGY
This study presents a pilot implementation of the PresentMed digital platform designed for end-to-end patient routing in coloproctology. The platform integrates outpatient, inpatient and telemedicine services into a unified digital ecosystem, enabling electronic medical records, standardized clinical pathways, remote consultations and real-time analytical monitoring. During implementation (630 patients across multiple regions of Uzbekistan), significant improvements were recorded, including reduced diagnostic delays, fewer uncoordinated referrals, increased use of telemedicine consultations and higher compliance with clinical protocols. Clinical outcomes also improved: rates of early diagnosis increased, access to advanced diagnostic procedures expanded and the need for surgical interventions was nearly halved. Patient satisfaction and treatment adherence demonstrated measurable growth. These findings confirm the effectiveness of the integrated digital model and highlight its potential for broader scaling within specialized care
DIGITALIZATION AND TELEMEDICINE IN COLOPROCTOLOGY AS STEPS TOWARD THE FORMATION OF A MODERN SYSTEM OF SPECIALIZED CARE IN UZBEKISTAN
In the context of a shortage of specialized personnel and unequal access to coloproctological care in Uzbekistan, digitalization and telemedicine are emerging as critical directions for healthcare modernization. This narrative review explores the potential of digital technologies to improve accessibility, quality, and clinical effectiveness of specialized services. The study focuses on the pilot implementation experience at the Multidisciplinary Clinic of the Center for Professional Development of Medical Personnel, which introduced digital patient routing, automated diagnostics, histological-laboratory integration, and remote consultations. The findings reveal a reduction in diagnostic delays, increased treatment adherence, and higher patient satisfaction. The analysis supports the conclusion that digital tools serve a system-forming role and should be prioritized as a strategic axis of coloproctology reform in Uzbekistan
PREDICTING THE BEHAVIOR OF IMPLANTS AND CROWNS USING THE FINITE ELEMENT METHOD IN VARIOUS OCCLUSION SCHEMES
Implementation of functional occlusion management principles has important preventive significance in the manufacture of non-removable structures. Non-removable structures supported by implants play a special role, where an important condition is ensuring the maximum axial direction of chewing forces applied to the supporting elements [1, 2]. Occlusion, from the point of view of dentists, is of significant importance, especially in the restoration of defects in dental rows and changes in the position of teeth with a change in the angle of application of the load. In this case, it is important to understand how contact occurs in the frontal, sagittal planes during the parafunctional and functional activity of the chewing apparatus. In this regard, there are currently several main concepts of occlusion: the concept of group function on the laterotrucial side; the concept of balanced occlusion; the concept of the clitoral guide. The formation of functional occlusion during prosthetics with non-removable structures is the main task of optimal creation of the chewing surface of the replaced dental defect. Ensuring the safe use of orthopedic structures is necessary to protect the supporting elements from excessive loads, as well as to minimize their movement during the adaptation process [3, 4]. Digital methods for manufacturing non-removable structures also allow for recording the volume of movement of support elements and structures. This will allow for the creation of software for predicting the displacement of support teeth and taking into account the obtained results when modeling non-removable structures. An important aspect requiring special attention is both the location of the supporting element and the nature of the support, i.e., the implant or natural tooth. Since the degree of mobility of these elements is different, the reaction to overload is also different [5, 6]. The chewing system adapts relatively easily to changes in occlusal relationships during short periods of no-load. When dynamic equilibrium is disrupted (tooth preparation), the vertical displacement is 40 μm per day, while the horizontal displacement is 30 μm per day. This process is reversible when manufacturing an orthopedic structure in the shortest possible time or when using temporary crowns. At the same time, the formation of a secure occlusion occurs functionally.
THOROUGH FORENSIC MEDICAL ANALYSIS OF EYE INJURIES IN LIVING INDIVIDUALS
The article is devoted to a comprehensive forensic medical characterization of ocular injuries in living individuals. Modern approaches to the classification of ophthalmic trauma are examined, including etiological, mechanical, and anatomical-topographical criteria that allow for a more precise determination of injury patterns and their pathogenetic features. The mechanisms of formation of various types of injuries—from blunt and penetrating to combined and blast-related—are analyzed in detail, which is essential for reconstructing the circumstances of injury and for accurate expert interpretation.Particular attention is given to the diagnostic capabilities of contemporary imaging technologies, such as optical coherence tomography, ocular ultrasonography, and orbital computed tomography. These methods provide high accuracy in detecting subtle, minimally expressed, and deep structural alterations that remain inaccessible during traditional clinical examination. Criteria for determining the degree of harm to health are presented, based on a comprehensive assessment of functional impairment, long-term consequences, and the risk of irreversible loss of visual functions. The pivotal role of commissioned (panel) forensic medical examinations in complex, controversial, iatrogenic, and conflict situations—where multidisciplinary analysis is required—is emphasized.The findings contribute to the improvement of expert assessment algorithms and promote the unification of approaches to evaluating ocular trauma in contemporary forensic medical practice
VEGETATIVE NERVOUS SYSTEM. SYMPATHETIC AND PARASYMPATHETIC DIVISIONS
The vegetative nervous system (VNS) provides regulation of internal organs and maintains the body’s homeostasis. It consists of the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions, each performing specific functions. The sympathetic division activates the “fight or flight” response, increases heart rate, raises blood pressure, and mobilizes energy resources. The parasympathetic division ensures restoration and rest, decreases heart rate, and promotes digestion. This article examines the morphological structure of the VNS, neurotransmitters, regulation mechanisms, clinical significance, and recent research on the influence of the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions on the functional systems of the body
ROLE OF VITAMIN D IN METABOLIC REGULATION
Vitamin D, traditionally recognized for its role in calcium and bone homeostasis, is increasingly understood to influence multiple metabolic pathways, including glucose regulation, lipid metabolism, inflammation, and endocrine signaling. Hypovitaminosis D has become a global public health concern, associated with obesity, insulin resistance, and metabolic syndrome. Conventional assessments often focus only on skeletal outcomes, overlooking the broader metabolic consequences of deficiency. Emerging evidence indicates that Vitamin D modulates pancreatic β-cell function, insulin sensitivity, adipokine secretion, and systemic inflammatory responses. This thesis examines the mechanisms through which Vitamin D contributes to metabolic regulation, integrating findings from endocrinology, molecular biology, and clinical research. The analysis highlights the influence of Vitamin D on glucose and lipid homeostasis, its role in metabolic disorders, and the potential benefits and limitations of supplementation. Ethical considerations in population screening and future perspectives on personalized vitamin D therapy are also discussed
INFLUENCE OF IMPLANT SURFACE MODIFICATION ON THE OSSEOINTEGRATION PROCESS
An urgent problem in dentistry remains the reduction number of complications after dental implantation. Once working new techniques surgical interventions usage various ways stimulation osseointegration , creation of new implant systems will help reduce the rehabilitation time for dental patients and improve their quality of life.
THE ROLE OF OCCLUSION STRESS IN THE OCCURRENCE OF INFLAMMATORY PROCESSES AROUND IMPLANTS
Reducing the number of complications after dental implantation remains an urgent problem in dentistry. All risk factors can be divided into general - smoking, systemic pathology, condition after radiation therapy, etc., and local - poor oral hygiene, periodontal disease, iatrogenic conditions, design and quality of processing of the transgingival part of the implant. Understanding the course of inflammatory and destructive processes around a dental implant after its installation directs scientists and implant manufacturers to improve the already used conservative and surgical methods of treating these diseases, as well as greater attention to the prevention of this pathology, and, accordingly, the risk factors for its development. The development of new techniques for surgical interventions and prosthetics, the creation of new implant systems will help increase the service life of dentures on implants and improve the quality of life of patients.
HYGIENIC ASPECTS OF IMPROVING WORKING CONDITIONS FOR MEDICAL PERSONNEL
The article examines the issues related to the psychological and emotional strain that may arise as a result of the high workload and intensity of modern medical work, the increase in occupational risk, as well as the challenges of ensuring effective working conditions within the healthcare system. These problems have a direct impact on the work efficiency and overall health of medical professionals. Therefore, conducting scientifically grounded research aimed at improving their working conditions, reducing psychological and emotional stress, and minimizing occupational risks is considered both urgent and highly significant.
ECTOPARASITES AND THEIR IMPACT ON CHILDREN'S HEALTH
This article provides a comprehensive overview of the main types of ectoparasites commonly found in children, highlighting their morphological and biological characteristics. The impact of parasites on the child’s body, including itching, allergic reactions, skin diseases, and the mechanisms of transmission of dangerous infectious diseases, is analyzed from a scientific perspective. The article also emphasizes the role of hygiene practices in protecting children's health, preventive measures against parasites, and the significance of modern treatment methods in pediatric practice. This study is useful for students specializing in pediatrics, medical professionals, and general readers, as it helps strengthen both theoretical and practical knowledge in the fight against ectoparasites.
DEVELOPING STUDENTS’ CREATIVE INDEPENDENCE THROUGH QUICK SKETCHING EXERCISES
This article examines the role and importance of quick sketch exercises in developing students’ creative independence. During quick drawing practice, students not only enhance their observation, imagination, and artistic thinking, but also develop the ability to make independent creative decisions. The aim of the study is to analyze the methodological foundations for fostering creative independence through quick sketch exercises. The research applied pedagogical observation, comparison, and experimental training methods. Experimental sessions with students of the “Fine Arts and Engineering Graphics” program at Shahrisabz State Pedagogical Institute confirmed the effectiveness of the proposed methodology. The results demonstrated an increase in students’ independent thinking, freedom in image creation, and confidence in drawing techniques. The article is devoted to a comprehensive study of methodology for developing creative independence in art education.