PHYSIOLOGY OF THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM AND THE MECHANISM OF GAS EXCHANGE

Abstract

This article provides a detailed analysis of the anatomical and physiological foundations of the respiratory system, the mechanics of ventilation, the principles of gas exchange across the alveolar-capillary membrane, and the transport of respiratory gases in the blood based on scientific sources. In addition, the neural and humoral regulatory mechanisms of respiration, the significance of the ventilation-perfusion (V/Q) ratio, and the molecular-physiological aspects of gas exchange are discussed. Based on the fundamental research of foreign scholars, the role of the respiratory system in maintaining body homeostasis is scientifically substantiated