CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS AND DIAGNOSIS OF DENTAL FLUOROSIS AS A DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDER OF HARD DENTAL TISSUES

Abstract

Dental fluorosis is a developmental enamel defect caused by excessive fluoride intake during tooth formation, presenting with a wide range of clinical manifestations. The aim of this study was to analyze the clinical features and diagnostic approaches to dental fluorosis. A narrative review of contemporary literature was conducted. The findings indicate that fluorosis manifests as symmetrical enamel changes ranging from mild opacities to severe structural damage. Diagnosis is based on clinical examination, patient history, and standardized indices such as Dean’s Index. Differential diagnosis with other enamel defects is essential for accurate clinical decision-making. Early detection improves treatment outcomes and prevents unnecessary interventions.