TISSUE CHANGES IN ACUTE AND CHRONIC INFLAMMATION

Abstract

This article is devoted to an in-depth analysis of morphological and histological changes occurring in tissues during acute and chronic inflammatory processes. The biological essence of inflammation, its importance as a protective-adaptive reaction, and the stages of pathogenesis are covered on the basis of scientific sources. The article pays special attention to the histological signs of microcirculatory vascular reaction, increased vascular permeability, exudation, and neutrophil leukocyte infiltration characteristic of acute inflammation. Also, the mechanisms of mononuclear cell infiltration, the leading role of macrophages, fibroblast proliferation, and fibrosis, which predominate in chronic inflammation, are described in detail. The transition of acute inflammation to a chronic form in cases of incomplete recovery and the occurrence of irreversible structural changes in tissues as a result are scientifically substantiated.